Anesthetics

Inhalation Anesthetics: Most modern
general anesthetics involve the use of inhalation
anesthetics. When breathed in adequate
concentrations, these medicines create an
anesthetic sleep. The most commonly used are
desflurane (Suprane) and isoflurane (Forane).
Other inhalation agents which may be used are sevoflurane (Ultane), Enflurane (Ethrane),
and halothane (Fluothane). These anesthetics are liquid at room temperature and are
vaporized in precisely controlled concentrations in a metered stream of oxygen and
nitrous oxide (laughing gas). Virtually all of the inhalation agent is breathed out in a
matter of a few hours; almost none is left behind.
Types of Breathing Devices
1. Face mask.
2. Laryngeal mask airway (LMA)
3. Endotracheal tube (ET Tube)
Breathing Devices: Breathing devices help anesthesiologists
administer inhalational anesthetics. One breathing device is a face
mask. You may be asked to breathe some oxygen from a clear
plastic mask held near your face as you begin to sleep.
Another breathing device is a laryngeal mask airway or LMA. This device is inserted after
a patient has begun to sleep. It is put gently in the mouth, and its soft rubber cuff is
inflated to surround the trachea. An anesthesiologist may chose to use an endotracheal
tube. It is a soft plastic tube that is inserted through the mouth and into the upper part
of the trachea.
A sore throat and/or a little hoarseness is possible after the use of any of these devices,
even if they are gently and skillfully placed. Both the LMA and endotracheal tube are put
in place only after the patient is asleep. They are most often removed before the
patient is awakened.
Rarely after the surgery a patient may need breathing help from a machine called a
ventilator. In this case, the patient will keep the endotracheal tube in place while the
ventilator is being used.